Elevator



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ELEVAT'OR. No. 349,175. Patented Sept. 14, 1886.

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UNITED STATESPATNT @Errea FRANCIS B. PERKINS, OF BOSTON, DIIASSACHUSETTS.

ELEVATO R.

:'JPEeirrCr-i'rrolv forming pari of Letters Patent No. 349,175. dated September 14. 1886.

Application filed April 1Q, 1886. Serial No. 198,536. (No model.)

, connection, in any usual manner, with the device or devices which control the application of the power which is elfectiveto move the car. f

Prior to my invention the car of an elevator has been provided with a rope passing through it, which rope has been grasped by the hand ol' the operator, and so, also, the operatingrope has been located outside the car and passed over or around a sheave fast to a shaft having its bearings on the car and being extended within the ear, where the said shaft has been provided with a hand-wheel. In this latter class of elevators the shaft having the hand-wheel is rotated continuously while the car is traveling, and to start the car in one or the other direction the attendant of the car has to grasp the hand-wheel and turn the said shaft in one or the other direction, thus causing the operating-rope to be drawn bodily in one or the other direction, and, the power having been applied and the car started, the sheave on the said shaft, and about which the operatingrope is passed, is rotated by the operatingrope; but the latter is `not moved longitudinally at such time.

In accordance with my invention, which is intended as an improvement on that class of elevators wherein the operating-rope is to remain outside the car, l have provided said car at its outer side with two sheaves arranged ou stationary studs, and with a double sheave mounted on a stud of a movable carriage, said double sheave and carriage being located between the two single sheaves first mentioned. The carriage referred to, as herein shown, has a hand-shaft provided with `a gear, which meshes into a rack attached to the car, so that the carriage with the double sheave may be readily moved toward or from either of the two sheaves mounted upon the stationary studs. The operating rope, both ends of which are connected, as herein shown, to a beam or rafter above the car, is passed around the sheave upon the stationary studs, and also around the double sheave mounted on a stud of the carriagc,in such manner as to form loops extending from each sheave on a stationary stud about the double sheave on the carriage, so that the movement of the carriage and its double sheave in one direction will lengthen one loop and shorten the other, and the varying of the lengths of these loops effects apositive drawing ofa portion ofthe operating-rope in one orthe other direction, so that the said' rope, through a sheave on a shaft operated by the rope, effects the application of the power at the proper time and in such manner as to control the ascent or descent of the car. Then the double sheave is in a position midway between the two sheaves on the stationary studs, the power to move the car will be cut off or silenced. The attendant, to start the ear in one or the other direction or to stop it, has only to turn the crank and move the carriage carrying the double sheave, and during the movement of the car after the application of the power the pinion operated by the crank and the carriage remain at rest; but all the sheaves about which the operating-rope is extended rotate freely on their studs as the car rises or falls, they being rotated by friction upon the operating-rope, which is stationary, the sheaves running, as it were, on said rope. Figure l is a side elevation of a passengercar provided with my improved apparatus for starting the car; Fig. 2, a section of Fig. 'l on line x w, the sheaves being shown in .eleva tion. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relative position of the sheaves when the car is stationary. Fig. 4C shows the relative position of the sheaves with the car traveling i'n one direction, and Fig. '5 shows the position of the sheaves with the car traveling in a direction opposite to that indicated in Fig. 4.

One side, a, of the car A, which may be of any usual shape or construction, is herein shown as cut away at its center, as at b', to receive a carriage, b which is adapted to be IOO moved up and down in said cut-away portion, the extent of upward and downward move ment of said carriage determining the opening of the usual valve and the rate or speed at which the car shall travel. The carriage b1 forms a bearing for a shaft, b", having at one end a double-faced sheave, d, and at its other end a pinion, di, said pinion meshing with a rack-bar, d". (Herein shown as fastened to the inside of the car.) rlhe pinion d2 is moved up and down in engagement with the rack-bar d by means of a crank or handle, d, on the shaft b, The side (t of the car, as herein shown, also supports studs a a?, on which are mounted single sheaves a a", the sheave a being above and the sheave a* below the cut-away portion b. rlhe rope b, by which the usual valve is moved to set the car in motion, is passed over and around said sheaves in a manner, as will be hereinafter described, to form loops extending from the sheaves on each of the studs a e about the double sheave d on the shaft b, such loops being clearly shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. The rope b also passes under an auxiliary sheave, e, and around the sheave e', both supported below the car, the sheave c being connected with the valve eontrolling the power by which the elevator is moved. The rope b, which has both its ends fastened to the rafter c2 or other suitable support at the top of the building, is herein shown as first passed down under the sheave a, up and over one half, as 3, of the double-faced sheave d, down and partially under the auxiliary sheave e, thence under the sheave c in the direction indicated by arrows, Fig. l, up and over the sheave a, and thence down and under the second half, et, ofthe double-faced sheave d to the rafter c, where it is firmly fastened. \Vhen the elevator-car is at rest, the sheave d will occupy a substantially central position with relation to the sheaves a" a on the studs a a, as shown in Fig. 3; but when it is desired that the car should be set in motion the crank d will be turned so as to cause the pinion d to travel toward 011e or the other end of the rack-bar d, thereby changing the position of the sheave l with relation to the sheaves a a on the studs a 'When the sheave l is moved toward the sheave a ou the stud a, the loop of rope between the sheaves d and a3 will be shortened, while the loop between the sheaves d and a* will be lengthened, that portion of the rope which is moved being drawn in the direction indicated by the arrows, Fig. Ll'. \Vhen it is dcsired that the elevator' should travel in a direction opposite to that in which it is moved, when the sheave l occupies the position lshown in Fig. l, the crank d* will be turned to cause the pinion d2 and sheave (Z to travel toward the sheave a* on the stud a, In this latter movement of the sheave d the part of the rope which travels will be moved iu the direction of arrows in Fig. 5. Vhen it is desired to stop the motion of the ear, the

crank will be turned so that the pinion d! and sheave d will, as herein shown, occupy a central position with relation to the said rackbar and sheaves ai a4, said position being indicated by a suitable mark, or in any wellknown manner, on the inside of the car. During the motion of the ear the shaft If and crank and pinion on said shaft will remain stationary until positively moved by hand, thereby obviating unequal motion due to a too sudden starting or stopping of the car. The supply of motive power is completely controlled and regulated by means of the crank, any change of position of said crank being transmitted to the valve-sheave c', controlling the said supply of motive power. As herein shown, the valve is moved to open the valves to admit power, and thereby raise the car by turning the crank (shown in Fie'. 2) toward the right, said movement ofl the crank causing the movable sheave d to approach the sheave a, said sheaves occupying substantially the position shown in Fig. 4.. \Vhen it is desired to lower the car, the crank will be turned to the left, the relative positions ol' the sheaves heilig the reverse of that in Fig. 4, and as shown in Fig. 5.

l. In an elevator,the cai-,sheaves a'"'a,n1ounted on stationary studs on the outside ol' said car, a double sheave intermediate ol' said sheaves, a carriage to support said double sheave and movable between the studs a u2 and means, substantially as described, to move said carriage, combined with a rope ell'ectively connected to thepowercontrolling valve, substantially as described, and passed about said sheaves to form loops between the double sheave and the sheaves ci' a, whereby change of position of the double sheave with relation to the sheaves a" a" changes the length of the said loops, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The car, sheaves a a, mounted on slationary studs on the outside ol' said car, the carriage b, the shaft supported by said carriage and provided with a double sheave, a pinion and crank on said shaft, and rackbar to be engaged by said pinion, combined with a rope effectively connected to the power-controlli ng valve,substantially as descri bed, and passed about said sheaves to form loops between the double sheave and the sheaves a a, whereby movement ol' the crank to change the position of the pinion on the rackbar causes the length of the loops between the sheaves to be changed, as and l'or thepurpose set forth.

In testimony whcrcofl have signed my name to this specification in the presence oi' two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS B. PERKINS.

Witnesses:

F. CUTTER, l`. H. (Qln'URcHlLL.

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